Production

A cikin shekaru 35 da suka gabata, masana'antar ƙarfe da karafa sun ga canje-canje masu mahimmanci.A cikin 1980 an samar da tan miliyan 716 na karfe kuma kasashe masu zuwa sun kasance cikin shugabannin: USSR (21% na samar da karafa na duniya), Japan (16%), Amurka (14%), Jamus (6%), China (5%). ), Italiya (4%), Faransa da Poland (3%), Kanada da Brazil (2%).A cewar Ƙungiyar Ƙarfe ta Duniya (WSA), a cikin 2014 samar da karafa na duniya ya kai tan miliyan 1665 - karuwar 1% idan aka kwatanta da 2013. Jerin manyan ƙasashe ya canza sosai.Kasar Sin tana matsayi na farko kuma tana gaban sauran kasashe (60% na samar da karafa na duniya), rabon sauran kasashe daga saman-10 shine 2-8% - Japan (8%), Amurka da Indiya (6%), Kudu Koriya da Rasha (5%), Jamus (3%), Turkiyya, Brazil da Taiwan (2%) (duba Hoto na 2).Bayan kasar Sin, sauran kasashen da suka karfafa matsayinsu a cikin kasashe 10 na farko sun hada da Indiya, Koriya ta Kudu, Brazil da Turkiyya.

Amfani

Iron a kowane irin nau'insa (simintin ƙarfe, ƙarfe da nadi) shine kayan gini da aka fi amfani dashi a cikin tattalin arzikin duniya na zamani.Yana riƙe da matsayi na farko a cikin gine-gine a gaban katako, yana fafatawa da ciminti da hulɗa da shi (ferroconcrete), kuma har yanzu yana fafatawa da sababbin nau'ikan kayan gini (polimers, ceramics).Shekaru da yawa, masana'antar injiniya suna amfani da kayan ƙarfe fiye da kowane masana'antu.Amfanin ƙarfe na duniya yana da yanayin haɓakawa.Matsakaicin girman girma na amfani a cikin 2014 shine 3%.Ana iya ganin ƙananan haɓaka a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa (2%).Kasashe masu tasowa suna da mafi girman matakin amfani da karfe (tan miliyan 1,133).